What are the typical components of a three-tier client/server system, typically?

• A. Client, application server, and database server
• B. Client, file server, email server
• C. Presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer
• D. User interface, middleware, cloud storage

Answer: (A)

Three-tier client/server systems separate presentation, processing, and data storage. The typical setup uses a client for the user interface, an application server that runs the business logic and coordinates requests, and a database server that stores and retrieves data. This arrangement lets each tier scale independently and improves security by keeping data behind the application server while the client handles the UI. Other options mix in different concepts (file/email servers, layered software architecture, or cloud/middleware placements) that don’t represent the classic three-tier deployment of client–application server–database server.